PASCA KRISIS MAKANAN 2008: IMPLIKASI PENGGANTUNGAN TERHADAP BERAS IMPORT
Abstract
The food crisis of 2008 has dismantled the security implications of food due to a high reliance on imported food sources. The increase in rice prices sharply on world markets in 2008 was not due to endogenous factors demand or supply alone, but the increase was also driven by the depreciation of the US dollar (USD) as well as sharp price hike of commodities such as petroleum and urea. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the empirical relationship and the elasticity of these factors on the price of rice in the world market. The results of this analysis to reflect the implications that must be experienced if the country continues to put a high dependence on imported rice and resources and to re-evaluate the importance of the target during the subsistence level (SSL) 70% of rice from time to time.
Krisis makanan 2008 telah merungkai implikasi dari sudut keselamatan makanan akibat penggantungan yang tinggi terhadap sumber makanan import. Kenaikan harga beras yang mendadak di pasaran dunia pada tahun 2008 dilihat bukan berpunca akibat tekanan faktor endogen permintaan mahupun penawaran semata-mata, namun kenaikan tersebut juga telah didorong oleh penyusutan nilai dollar Amerika (USD) serta kenaikan harga mendadak komoditi lain seperti petroleum dan urea. Untuk itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis secara empirikal hubungan dan keanjalan faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap harga beras di pasaran dunia. Hasil analisis ini seterusnya membayangkan implikasi yang perlu dihadapi sekiranya negara terus meletakkan kebergantungan yang tinggi ke atas sumber bekalan beras import serta kepentingan untuk menilai semula sasaran semasa tahap sara diri (SSL) 70% beras dari masa ke masa.
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