ANALISIS FAKTOR DOMINAN TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI SELANGOR

Abstract

Mutakhir ini, masalah sosial remaja begitu membimbangkan sehingga berita mengenai salah laku remaja sentiasa membanjiri di dada akhbar tempatan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti faktor penentu unik terhadap tingkah laku dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah menengah di Selangor. Pendekatan kuantitatif dan rekabentuk survei digunakan secara analisis inferensi. Seramai 400 orang pelajar sekolah yang berumur 14 dan 16 tahun dari lapan buah sekolah menengah di negeri Selangor telah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Pengumpulan data kajian adalah melalui soal selidik yang ditadbir sendiri dan persampelan rawak sistematik telah digunakan dalam pemilihan responden. Satu set soal selidik yang merangkumi gabungan beberapa skala telah digunakan, dimana pengukuran faktor sekolah yang merangkumi budaya dan iklim sekolah melibatkan (Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Questions of Teacher’s Interaction (QTI), School Self-Review Tools (SSRT), dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Zimet). Pengukuran konsep kendiri menggunakan Self-Concept Individual Protective Factors Index dan tingkah laku menggunakan ASEBA School-Age Youth Self Report (YSR). Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan faktor peramal unik terhadap subskala tingkah laku adalah seperti berikut; faktor peramal unik terhadap kebimbangan adalah jantina, hubungan antara pelajar dan konsep kendiri, faktor peramal unik bagi menarik diri adalah jantina dan hubungan antara pelajar dengan pelajar, faktor peramal unik bagi masalah somatik adalah jantina dan konsep kendiri. Faktor peramal unik bagi tingkah laku agresif adalah konsep kendiri, jantina dan hubungan guru dengan pelajar, faktor peramal unik bagi tingkah laku melanggar peraturan adalah konsep kendiri dan jantina. Kesimpulannya, program intervensi khusus perlu dilaksanakan melibatkan intervensi bersama ibu bapa atau penjaga, kerjasama Persatuan Ibu Bapa dan Guru (PIBG), pemantapan sahsiah pelajar, jenis dendaan dan cara teguran yang diberikan kepada pelajar. Akhir sekali, penyelidik berharap kajian ini dapat memberi manfaat kepada sekolah, ibu bapa, dan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia untuk mengatasi masalah sosial dalam kalangan remaja.

Recently, social problems among teenagers extremely discussed and became a major news in the local newspapers. This aim of the present study is to identify predictor of behavior among secondary school students in Selangor. Quantitative approach and survey design were employed in this study. A total of 400 school students aged 14 and 16 from eight secondary schools in the state of Selangor were involved in this study. Data collection procedure was acquired through self-administered questionnaires and systematic random sampling has been used in the selection of respondents. A single questionnaire that linking several scales was utilized, in which measurements of school factors involved (Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Questions of Teacher’s Interaction (QTI), School Self-Review Tools (SSRT), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Zimet). Self-concept dimension was measured using Self-Concept Individual Protective Factors Index meanwhile internalizing and externalizing behaviors using ASEBA School-Age Youth Self Report (YSR). The results of the regression analysis show that the prominent predictor for the internal and external behavior subscales are as follows; the unique predictor factor for anxiety is gender, the relationship between students and self-concept, the unique predictor factor for withdrawal is gender, and the relationship between students and students, the unique predictor factor for somatic problems is gender and self-concept. Unique predictors of aggressive behavior are self-concept, gender, and teacher-student relationships. Lastly, unique predictors of rule-breaking behavior were self-concept and gender. In conclusion, a specific intervention program needs to be implemented involving intervention with parents or guardians, cooperation of the Parent and Teacher Association (PIBG), strengthening the character of students, types of punishment and methods of reprimands given to students. Finally, the researchers hope that this study can benefit schools, parents, and the Malaysian Ministry of Education to overcome social problem among teenagers.