PROSES KOGNITIF, PEMBUATAN KEPUTUSAN DAN PEMILIHAN KERJAYA. KAJIAN EMPERIKAL MENGGUNAKAN PERSPEKTIF PETA KOGNITIF
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the cognitive processes involved in making decisions related to career selection among graduates. The study was conducted on 74 rural graduates who attended a training program in preparation for their challenging work environment. Explanatory research approach was used along with closed and open questionnaire as data collection techniques. Data were analyzed using content analysis to identify key words, themes or patterns of graduates’ opinion while making decisions. A total of 52 completed questionnaires were analyzed. The findings show that the majority of higher education students in Sabah being surveyed have decided to work alone (76.9%) rather than choosing to work with the government sector (7.6%), working with the private sector (9.6%), working as wage earners (0.0%) or as an investor (05.7%). Various reasons have been given, and four cognitive map for the group has been identified. This study describes the specific reasons related to the selection of a career decision. It is hoped that further research be conducted on batch to another. A quantitative study involving more respondents are also proposed and expected strong generalization of related issues will be studied.
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses kognitif yang terlibat di dalam pembuatan keputusan berkaitan pemilihan kerjaya di kalangan graduan. Kajian dijalankan terhadap 74 graduan luar bandar yang mengikuti program latihan sebagai persiapan untuk mereka menghadapi cabaran dunia pekerjaan yang kian mencabar. Pendekatan penyelidikan berbentuk penerangan dan penghuraian (explanatory) adalah digunakan sementara teknik pungutan data yang digunakan adalah soal selidik tertutup dan terbuka. Data dianalisa menggunakan analisis kandungan (content analysis) untuk mengenalpasti kata kunci, tema-tema atau pola-pola pendapat graduan berkaitan pembuatan keputusan yang dijalankan. Sebanyak 52 soalselidik yang lengkap telah dianalisa. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan majoriti pelajar pengajian tinggi di Sabah yang dikaji membuat keputusan untuk bekerja sendiri (76.9%) dari memilih untuk bekerja dengan sektor kerajaan (7.6%), kerja dengan swasta (9.6%), kerja makan gaji (0.0%) atau sebagai pelabur (05.7%). Pelbagai sebab telah diberikan dan empat peta kognitif secara kumpulan telah dikenalpasti. Kajian ini menjelaskan sebab-sebab khusus berkaitan pemilihan keputusan terhadap sesuatu kerjaya. Adalah diharap kajian yang lebih mendalam dapat dijalankan terhadap kumpulan graduan yang lain. Kajian berbentuk kuantitatif yang melibatkan lebih ramai responden adalah juga dicadangkan dan diharap generalisi yang kukuh berkaitan isu yang dikaji akan dapat dibuat.
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