MITOS DAN LEGENDA: DI SEBALIK PERCANGGAHAN FAKTA DALAM SEJARAH ASIA TENGGARA
Abstract
Abstrak
Mitos dan legenda seringkali diketepikan di dalam sesebuah historiografi kerana membawa percanggahan fakta. Hal ini kerana keobjektifan fakta sejarah amatlah perlu bagi meletakkan sesebuah historiografi itu berdasarkan sesebuah peristiwa yang benar-benar berlaku. Kesemua fakta sejarah perlulah berdasarkan penggunaan sumber-sumber yang jitu, bukan berdasarkan unsur mitos dan legenda yang diragui kesahihannya. Artikel ini membincangkan unsur mitos dan legenda di dalam sejarah Asia Tenggara. Walaupun unsur ini seringkali dilihat menjadi faktor utama kepada percanggahan fakta di dalam historiografi tetapi terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang dilihat lebih dominan dalam menyumbang kepada percanggahan fakta seperti bias, anakronisme, sumber lisan, dan kesilapan interpretasi penulis. Dengan menggunakan karya-karya berunsur sejarah di Asia Tenggara, dapatan kajian artikel ini memperlihatkan bahawa mitos dan legenda telah membawa makna dan kepentingan yang tersendiri seperti menjadi instrumen perpaduan, memberikan identiti sesebuah negara, membawa unsur keperwiraan, dan memberi gambaran tentang keadaan semasa sesebuah peristiwa itu dicatat.
Kata kunci: mitos, legenda, sejarah, bias, Asia Tenggara.
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Abstract
Myths and legends are often set aside in a historiography because it leads to factual contradictions. This is due to the objectivity of facts in historiography as it is compulsory to place a historiography based on an event that is really happened. All historical facts need to be based on the exact use of sources, not on the basis of the elements of myths and legends that is legitimately dubious. This article discusses the elements of myths and legends in the history of Southeast Asia. Although it is frequently seen as a major factor leading to factual contradictions but there are other more dominant factors such as bias, anachronism, oral sources, and writers’ mistakes of interpretation. By using historical works in the Southeast Asia, this article shows that myths and legends have brought its own meaning and significance for instance as a unity instrument, providing identity to a country, bringing elements of excellence, and giving a message about the current state of a recorded event.
Keywords: myths, legends, history, bias, Southeast Asia.
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