KESAN PERSEPSI KEBERGUNAAN, KESENANGAN MENGGUNA DAN KESERONOKAN MENGGUNA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN E-MEL
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived usefulness, ease of use, fun of use, gender and age in explaining the use of e-mail among university students. Data were collected using self administered questionnaires from 150 students at a local public university. This study uses "Technology Acceptance Model" (TAM) developed by Davis (1989) as the basis of the model. The findings show that gender and age did not affect the rate of use of e-mail. Perceived usefulness and fun of use have a positive impact on the e-mail usagel, as well the perceived ease of use. From these findings, it was concluded that the use of technology, users want a system that is useful, fun and easy to use. The implications of the findings are also discussed.
Â
ABSTRAK
Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara persepsi kebergunaan, kesenangan mengguna, keseronokan mengguna, jantina dan umur dalam menjelaskan kadar penggunaan e-mel di kalangan pelajar university. Data telah dikumpul dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik isi sendiri daripada 150 pelajar di sebuah univarsiti awam tempatan. Kajian ini menggunakan “Technology Acceptance Model†(TAM) yang dibangunkan oleh Davis (1989) sebagai asas pembentukan model. Hasil penemuan menunjukkan bahawa jantina dan umur tidak mempengaruhi kadar penggunaan e-mel. Persepsi kebergunaan dan keseronokan mengguna mempunyai kesan positif terhadap kadar peggunaan e-mel, begitu juga dengan persepsi kesenangan mengguna. Daripada penemuan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa dalam penggunaan teknologi, pengguna inginkan sebuah sistem yang berguna, menyeronokkan dan juga senang untuk digunakan. Implikasi penemuan kajian juga turut dibincangkan.
References
Adams, D.A., Nelson, R.R. dan Todd, P.A. (1992). Perceived usefulness, ease of use, and usage of information technology: a replication. MIS Quarterly, 16 (2), 227-247.
Ajzen, I. dan Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Anonymous. (2000). E-mail grows as the World turns. Mobile Computing & Communications, 11 (10), 30.
Callahan, C. (1999). A Journalistas Guide to the Internet: The Net as a Reporting Tool, Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Carol, J.M. dan Thomas, J.C. (1988). Fun, SIGCHI Bulletin, 19, 21-24.
Chau, P.Y.K. (1996). An empirical assessment of a modified technology acceptance model, Journal of Management Information Systems, 12 (2), 185-204.
Collins, B. (1985). Psychosocial implications of sex differences in attitudes toward computers: results of a survey. International Journal of Women’s Studio, 8, 207-213.
Dambrot, F., Watkins-Malek, M., Silling, F., Marshall R. dan Garber, J. (1985). Correlates of sex differences in attitudes toward and involvement with computers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 27, 71-86.
Davis, F.D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease Of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology, MIS Quarterly, 13, 983-1003.
Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P. dan Warshaw, P.R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoritical Models, Management Science, 35 (8), 982-1003.
Deci, E.L. (1975). Intrinsic Motivation, New York: plenum Press.
Dormon, S.M. (1998). Technology beliefs: Using email to enhance instruction. The Journal of School Health, 68 (6), 260-261.
Eining, M.M., Brown, D. dan Cook, G.L. (1992). User confidence in electronic communication: implications for distributed Group Decision Support Systems. Advances in Accounting Information Systems, 41-68.
Elder et al. (1987). Computer Anxiety: A Survey of Computer Training, Experience, Anxiety, and Administrative Support among Teachers, Amber Morgan Westmoore High School, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
[Online] Available: http://oas.ucok.edu/OJAS/97/T97/AMORG.HTM
Furger, R. (1998). Does Jane Compute?. Preserving Our Daughters’ Place In The Cyber Revolution, Warner.
Garrison, B. (2002). The Use of Electronic Mail, as a Newsgathering Resources. School of Communication, University of Miami.
Gattiker, U. dan Hlavka, A. (1992). Computer attitudes and learning performance: issues for management education and training, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13, 89-101.
Gill, R. dan Grint, K. (1995). Introduction In The Gender-Technology Relation: Contemporary Theory And Research, Giant and Gill (eds). USA: Taylor & Francis Ltd, London.
Gilroy, F.D. dan Desai, H.B. (1986). Computer anxiety: sex, race and age, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 25, 711-719.
Harrison, A.W. dan Rainer, R.K. Jr. (1992). The influence of individual differences on skill in end-user computing. Journal of Management Information Systems, 9 (1), 93-111.
Haskin, D. (2001). Do more with e-mail: get more out of your favourite communications application. Small Business Computing, 6 (8), 49-50.
Hoxmeier, J.A., Nie, W. dan Purvis, G.T. (2000). The impact of gender and experience on user confidence in electronic mail. Journal of End User Computing, 12 (4), 11-20.
Igbaria, M. (1994). An examination of the factors contributing to microcomputer technology acceptance. Accounting, Management and Information Technologies, 4 (4), 205-24.
Igbaria, M., livari, J. dan Maragahh, H. (1995). Why do individuals use computer technology? A Finnish case study. Information and Management, 5, 227-238.
Igbaria, M., Parasuraman, S. dan Baroudi, J.J. (1996). A motivational model of microcomputer usage, Journal of Management Information Systems, 13 (1), 127-143.
Igbaria, M., Zinatelli, N., Cragg, P. dan Cavaye, A.L.M. (1997). Personal computing acceptance factors in small firms: a structural equation modelling, MIS Quarterly, 21 (3), 279-305.
Jantan, M., Ramayah, T. dan Chin, W.W. (2001). Personal computer acceptance by small and medium sized companies evidence from Malaysia, Jurnal Manajemen & Bisnes, 3 (1), 1-14.
Kantrowitz, B. (1994). Men, women & computers, Newsweek, 23 (20), 48-55.
Koay, P.L. (2002). Receptiveness of E-Banking by Malaysian Consumers, MBA thesis, School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang.
Malone, T.W. (1981). Toward a theory of intrinsically motivating instruction, Cognitive Science, 4, 349-361.
Marcus, S. (1995). E-mailiorating student writing. Electronic Learning in Your Classroom. 14 (4), 18-19.
Mathieson, K. (1991). Predicting user intentions: comparing the technology acceptance model with the theory of planned behaviour, Information Systems Research, 2 (3), 173-191.
Mclester, S. (2000). An educators’ guide to e-mail etiquette. Technology & Learning, 20, (6), 52-60.
Miller, L.C. (1998). Power Journalism: Computer-Assisted Reporting, Forth Worth: Harcourt Brace.
Moon, J. dan Kim, Y. (2001). Extending the TAM for a World-Wide-Web context, Information & Management, 38, 217-230.
Ndubisi, N., Jantan, M. dan Richardson, S. (2001). Is the technology acceptance model valid for entrepreneurs? Model testing and examining usage determinants, Asian Academy of Management Journal, 6(2), 31-54.
Radner, R. dan Rothchild, M. (1975). On the allocation of effort, Journal of Economic Theory, 10, 358-376.
Ramayah, T., Ignatius, J. dan Aafaqi B. (2004a). PC usage among students: the case of a private institution of higher learning. The Proceedings of the International Conference on Management Education, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ramayah, T., Jantan, M. dan Aafaqi, B. (2003). Internet usage among students of institution of higher learning: the role of motivational variables. The Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Asian Academy of Applied Business conference, Sabah, Malaysia.
Ramayah, T., Dahlan, N., Mohamad, O, dan Siron, R. (2002). Technology usage among owners/managers of SME’s: the role of demographic and motivational variables, The porceedings of The 6th Annual Asian-Pacific Forum for Small Business on “Small and Medium Enterprises Linkages, Networking and Clusteringâ€, 16-18 October, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ramayah, T., Aafaqi, B., Ignatius, J. dan Yeap, J.A.L. (2004b). E-library usage among students of a public university in Malaysia. The Proceedings of the International Conference on Management Education, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ray, C.M., Sormunen, C. dan Harris, T.M. (1999). Men’s and women’s attitudes towatds computer technology: a comparison, Office System Research Journal, 17 (1), 1-8.
Reavy, M.M. (2001). Introduction to Computer-Assisted Reporting: A Journalist’s Guide, Mayfield: Mountainview, California.
Reddick, R. dan King, E. (2001). The Online Journalist: Using the Internet and Other Electronic Resources, Fort Worth, Tezas: Harcourt College Publishers.
Sacks, C., Bellisimo, Y. dan Mergendoller, J. (1993-1994). Attitudes towards computers and computer use: the issue of gender. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 26(2), 256-269.
Segars, A.H. dan Grover, V. (1993). Re-examining perceived ease of use and usefulness: a confirmatory factor analysis. MIS Quartely, 17(1), 517-725.
Shepard, S. (1998). Girls are falling behind on new technology front. Rocky Mountain News, October 26.
Tao, L. dan Reinking, D. (1996). What Research Reveals about Email in Education, Information Analyses, Speeches, Conference Paper. Pp. 1-14. ERIC Document: ED408572.
Temple, L. dan Lipp, H.M. (1989). Gender differences and similarities in attitudes towards computers. Computers in Human Behavior, 5, 216-226.
Teo, T.S.H. (2001). Demographic and motivational variables associated with Internet usage activities. Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 11 (2), 125-137.
Teo, T.S.H., Lim, V.K.G. dan Lai, R.Y.C. (1999). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in Internet usage. OMEGA: International Journal of Management Science, 27(1), 25-37.
Venkatesh, V. dan Davis, F.D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: four longitudinal field studies, Management Science, 46 (2), 186-204.
Webster, E.J. (1989). Playfulness and Computers at work, Doctoral thesis, Stern School of Business Administration, New York University, New York.
Webster, E.J. dan Martocchio, J.J. (1992). Microcomputer playfulness: development of a measure with workplace implications, MIS Quarterly, 6, 201-216.
Wilder, G., Mackie, D. dan Cooper, J. (1985). Gender and computers: two surveys of computer related attitudes, Sex Roles, 13 (3/4), 215-228.
Williams, P. (1998). The Impact of Internet on Broadcast Journalism, Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Communications, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA.
Witherspoon, E. dan Straughan, D.M. (1998). High Tech vs High Concepts: A Survey of Technology, Integration in U.S. Public Relations Curricula, Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Baltimore, USA.
