This journal has stopped receiving articles starting 1st January 2024. However, all previously published articles are still accessible and can be read in the archive section. SCOPE OF PUBLICATION Jurnal Kemanusiaan publishes original works that advance knowledge within the disciplines of Arts & Humanities, Social Sciences and Business, Management & Accounting. The journal is open to all authors regardless of nationality but it especially welcomes contributions in the context of developing and emerging economies. Jurnal Kemanusiaan was a peer reviewed journal and publishes original and review articles. It is published two times a year in June and December; occasionally it publishes special issues. Indexed by: Cabell's International, Ulrich's, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), MyJurnal, Google Scholar.
FAMILY SUPPORT AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG MALAYSIAN ELDERLY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED FILIAL PIETY
Filial piety, which refers to showing respect to parents, has wielded a vital effect on the relationship between family support and the life satisfaction of elderlies. However, the mechanism behind this effect is still unclear. To address this gap in the existing literature, the present study aims to investigate the effect of family support on life satisfaction through the mediating role of perceived filial piety among Malaysian seniors. This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 154 seniors aged 60 and above residing in Ipoh, Malaysia. An online survey method was used to collect data from the participants. The SPSS version 21 software was used for descriptive data analysis (means, standard deviations, frequencies, percentages) to describe the sample's characteristics and the study's main variables. SPSS was also used to analyze the correlations between the understudied variables (H1). Mediation analyses were made to estimate the mediating effect of perceived filial piety in the relationship between family support and life satisfaction among seniors (H2). Results indicated that the correlation was significant among the variables. To respond to H2, after controlling age and gender, the effect of family support on life satisfaction was mediated via perceived filial piety. Family support was found to have a significant effect on perceived filial piety and perceived filial piety also significantly predicted life satisfaction. After controlling the effect of perceived filial piety, the direct effect of family support on life satisfaction continues to exist. The indirect effect of family support on life satisfaction through perceived filial piety was found to be significant. The findings suggest that the effect of family support on elderly' life satisfaction may be related to their perceived filial piety. Results indicate that improving family social support increases the life satisfaction of seniors. Perceived filial piety will be an added advantage to improve the life satisfaction of seniors.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON WORK PERFORMANCE AMONG HEALTH STAFF
Work performance has become a major focus in most organizations as the world of work is undergoing massive changes everyday. The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of emotional intelligence on work performance among health staff in a Hospital located in Selangor, Malaysia. This study involves 101 respondents which was chosen through convenience sampling. The quantitative data collected through Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (EIQ) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were analysed by using multiple linear regression. The result shows that the health staff have a moderate level of emotional intelligence with high level of work performance. The results also indicates that self-awareness, self-management and social skill were significantly influence work performance, whereas social- awareness does not have a significant influence on work performance among health staff. These findings suggest that hospital administrators should be aware that low emotional intelligence can result in lower work performance among health staff. Thus, an effective intervention should address the emotional intelligence among health staff in order to improve their work performance.
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS LEVEL AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA DURING PHASE I AND PHASE II COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Millions of individuals throughout the world have been afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had a significant impact on their psychological well-being. The study aimed to find out the level of stress, depression, and anxiety during phase I and phase II of the COVID-19 outbreak among university students. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic and DASS-21 questionnaire were used in this study. The research comprised 203 university students ranging in age from 19 to 74 years old. Most respondents were females (n=144) and males (n=59). The study enlisted the participation of 178 local and 25 international students. The students were pursuing bachelor's degrees (n=170), diplomas (n=8), master's degrees (n=5), and doctoral degrees (n=20). In the phase I study the stress score was (mean = 12.06, SD = 9.30), while in phase II, the stress score increased to (mean = 13.51, SD = 12.18). Meanwhile, the phase I study the depression score was (mean = 12.48, SD = 11.17), while in phase II, the depression score slightly increased to (mean = 12.85, SD = 12.16). For the phase I study the anxiety score was (mean = 11.26, SD = 10.06), while in phase II, the anxiety score reduced to (mean = 9.53, SD = 10.18). The anxiety level was improved in phase II of COVID-19, however, the depression and stress levels did not show the reductions. A deeper knowledge of stress, depression, and anxiety among university students is required to allow for early intervention and improvement of overall mental health problems among the students.
JOB INSECURITY, PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG PRECARIOUS WORKERS IN MALAYSIA
The economic crisis is one profound effect caused by the emergence of Coronavirus Disease. Many Malaysian organisations have downsized and retrenched their staff to deal with it, resulting in an increase in the number of Malaysians engaging in uncertain and unstable works as their coping strategies. As a result, psychological well- being is crucial in maintaining individual’s emotional and mental health. Previous research has focused on factors correlated with psychological well-being in Western populations; however, it remains sparse in Malaysian setting. Hence, this study aims to explore the relationship between job insecurity, perceive social support and psychological well-being among precarious workers in Malaysia. A total of 150 responses were collected through snowball and convenient sampling method, and asked to answer the WHO-5 Well- being Index Scale (WHO5), Job Insecurity Scale (JIS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MPSS) for this preliminary study. The findings revealed a negative correlation between job insecurity and psychological well-being, and a positive relationship between Perceived Social Support, and psychological well-being. This means that precarious employees who are insecure about their jobs are more likely to have poorer psychological well-being, whereas precarious workers who have greater social support from family, friends, and significant others are more likely to be mentally healthy. These findings can thus assist non- government, government, or practitioner policymakers in strengthening specific policies to assist precarious workers, particularly those related to their psychological well- being, such as providing them with special insurance or life benefits.
NARCISSISM AND SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES USAGE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Narcissism, a trait that is often linked to negative emotions influences the way an individual uses their social networking site. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between narcissism and social networking sites usage. This study also explores the level of narcissism as well as the level of social networking sites usage among undergraduate students. The methodology for this study is a quantitative approach that uses questionnaires as an approach to collect data. A total of 101 respondents of undergraduate students were chosen through the convenience sampling method. This study utilized the Likert Narcissism Personality Inventory (NPI -L) to measure narcissism traits and Social Network Sites (SNSs) for SNS usage. The result findings for narcissism level was moderate as well as the level of SNS usage among students. Data gathered from the questionnaires was examined through Pearson Correlation analysis. The findings of this study show that there is a relatively low but significant positive relationship between narcissism and social networking sites usage among undergraduate students. Based on the results, it would benefit the university as well as future researchers to explore this issue deeper in the future.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL COMPARISON ORIENTATION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
University student’s psychological well-being is reported to be highly affected during the Covid-19 outbreak. To further explore the engagement between the sources of one's deflating well-being during this pandemic, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of social comparison orientation (SCO) on one’s psychological well-being (PWB). A total of 401 undergraduate public university students in Malaysia participated in this study through the convenient sampling method. This study was a cross-sectional and correlational study which used quantitative data for analysis. The instruments used were Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) and shortened 18-items version of Ryff’s Psychological public university. Regression analysis showed that there is a significant effect of SCO on PWB among students in public universities. It was found that high level of ability-based SCO will decrease PWB while high level of opinion-based SCO will increase PWB among public university students. In conclusion, this study highlighted the negative and positive effects of SCO on student’s PWB through upward social comparison theory and social cognitive theory in higher-educational institution level. As to fully utilize the positive effects of opinion-based SCO, this study recommends public universities in Malaysia to develop a strong social support group as a platform for students to increase their PWB by feeling affiliated.
CRITICAL THINKING DISPOSITIONS AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN TEACHER’S KNOWLEDGE AND 21ST CENTURY TEACHING IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
The study was carried out to bridge the research gap on 21st century teaching; the relationship between pedagogy, content, and technology with 21st century teaching; and the development of critical thinking dispositions. Current study aims to determine the mediating effect of critical thinking dispositions for the relationship between teacher’s knowledge (pedagogy, content, and technology) with 21st century teaching among secondary teachers in Selangor, Malaysia. This study employed causal relationship design with proportional stratified random sampling. In data analysis, inferential statistical is applied to determine the mediating effect through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings show a significant mediating effect of critical thinking dispositions for the relationship between pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge, and technological knowledge with 21st century teaching. As a conclusion, the mediating model suggests pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge, and technological knowledge with critical thinking dispositions as mediator contributing 61 percent of the variance to 21st century teaching. This final model can be considered by teacher as the efforts to enhance 21st century teaching.
MENEROKA PEMAHAMAN PEKERJA WANITA MENGENAI TERMA GANGGUAN SEKSUAL DI TEMPAT KERJA: SATU KAJIAN DI KOTA SAMARAHAN, SARAWAK
Kajian ini dijalankan bagi meneroka pemahaman pekerja wanita mengenai terma gangguan seksual di tempat kerja. Pengkaji telah menggunakan kaedah temubual mendalam bagi mengumpul data berkaitan dengan pemahaman pekerja wanita mengenai terma gangguan seksual di tempat kerja serta faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada perlakuan gangguan seksual di tempat kerja. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa majoriti daripada responden terdiri daripada golongan wanita yang berada dalam lingkungan umur 24 hingga 26 tahun. Dari aspek pendapatan pula, sebahagian besar daripada responden berpendapatan dalam lingkungan RM750 hingga RM900 sebulan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kesemua responden faham mengenai terma gangguan seksual di tempat kerja akan tetapi masih tidak mempunyai pengetahuan yang mendalam mengenai undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan isu ini. Hasil kajian turut mendapati bahawa gangguan seksual berlaku di tempat kerja disebabkan pelbagai faktor yang berbeza seperti gaya pemakaian yang menjolok mata, perwatakan wanita yang lemah-lembut, penyalahgunaan kuasa, serta pengaruh rakan sekerja. Dapatan kajian ini diharap dapat memberi implikasi kepada pihak yang berkepentingan agar memberikan perlindungan yang optimum kepada pekerja wanita agar golongan ini terus dihormati dan diberi layanan yang baik di tempat kerja.
SEJARAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN ISLAMISASI ILMU DI MALAYSIA: ANALISIS TERHADAP RESPON BALAS INTELEKTUAL MUSLIM
Dengan perkembangan dunia moden yang mulai mempengaruhi sistem pendidikan dan pemikiran umat paska-kolonial, adalah penting bagi intelektual Muslim untuk memberikan respon balas terhadap penyerbuan ideologi sekular Barat yang ditinggalkan penjajah ini dan pandangan akliah dan nilai materi yang bobrok yang diusungnya yang mengesani pemikiran umum. Sehubungan itu kertas ini cuba membuat tinjauan dasar tentang faham Islamisasi ilmu serta falsafah dan latar sejarahnya dan meninjau isu-isu pokok dalam perdebatan Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan semasa. Ia melihat peranan beberapa tokoh dan institusi penting dalam menggerakkan idea Islamisasi ilmu sepanjang dekad 1970-80an dan pengaruhnya dalam mencorakkan visi intelektual dan kesedaran tauhid dalam praktik dan tradisi keilmuannya. Ini digerakkan di UIAM dan IIIT yang membawa gagasan pembaharuan pendidikan melalui proses pengislaman pengetahuan dan pengintegrasian ilmu dan nilai. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dari jenis penelitian kepustakaan. Bahan-bahan kajian diperoleh dari sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder berupa buku, tesis, artikel, majalah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analitis. Temuan kajian merumuskan bahawa isu-isu dasar tentang Islamisasi pengetahuan ini telah diungkapkan secara konsisten dengan perdebatan yang signifikan dan terus berlanjut terkait aspek-aspek metodologi dan prinsip umumnya.
ANALISIS FAKTOR DOMINAN TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI SELANGOR
Mutakhir ini, masalah sosial remaja begitu membimbangkan sehingga berita mengenai salah laku remaja sentiasa membanjiri di dada akhbar tempatan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti faktor penentu unik terhadap tingkah laku dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah menengah di Selangor. Pendekatan kuantitatif dan rekabentuk survei digunakan secara analisis inferensi. Seramai 400 orang pelajar sekolah yang berumur 14 dan 16 tahun dari lapan buah sekolah menengah di negeri Selangor telah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Pengumpulan data kajian adalah melalui soal selidik yang ditadbir sendiri dan persampelan rawak sistematik telah digunakan dalam pemilihan responden. Satu set soal selidik yang merangkumi gabungan beberapa skala telah digunakan, dimana pengukuran faktor sekolah yang merangkumi budaya dan iklim sekolah melibatkan (Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Questions of Teacher’s Interaction (QTI), School Self-Review Tools (SSRT), dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Zimet). Pengukuran konsep kendiri menggunakan Self-Concept Individual Protective Factors Index dan tingkah laku menggunakan ASEBA School-Age Youth Self Report (YSR). Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan faktor peramal unik terhadap subskala tingkah laku adalah seperti berikut; faktor peramal unik terhadap kebimbangan adalah jantina, hubungan antara pelajar dan konsep kendiri, faktor peramal unik bagi menarik diri adalah jantina dan hubungan antara pelajar dengan pelajar, faktor peramal unik bagi masalah somatik adalah jantina dan konsep kendiri. Faktor peramal unik bagi tingkah laku agresif adalah konsep kendiri, jantina dan hubungan guru dengan pelajar, faktor peramal unik bagi tingkah laku melanggar peraturan adalah konsep kendiri dan jantina. Kesimpulannya, program intervensi khusus perlu dilaksanakan melibatkan intervensi bersama ibu bapa atau penjaga, kerjasama Persatuan Ibu Bapa dan Guru (PIBG), pemantapan sahsiah pelajar, jenis dendaan dan cara teguran yang diberikan kepada pelajar. Akhir sekali, penyelidik berharap kajian ini dapat memberi manfaat kepada sekolah, ibu bapa, dan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia untuk mengatasi masalah sosial dalam kalangan remaja. Recently, social problems among teenagers extremely discussed and became a major news in the local newspapers. This aim of the present study is to identify predictor of behavior among secondary school students in Selangor. Quantitative approach and survey design were employed in this study. A total of 400 school students aged 14 and 16 from eight secondary schools in the state of Selangor were involved in this study. Data collection procedure was acquired through self-administered questionnaires and systematic random sampling has been used in the selection of respondents. A single questionnaire that linking several scales was utilized, in which measurements of school factors involved (Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment (IPPA), Questions of Teacher’s Interaction (QTI), School Self-Review Tools (SSRT), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Zimet). Self-concept dimension was measured using Self-Concept Individual Protective Factors Index meanwhile internalizing and externalizing behaviors using ASEBA School-Age Youth Self Report (YSR). The results of the regression analysis show that the prominent predictor for the internal and external behavior subscales are as follows; the unique predictor factor for anxiety is gender, the relationship between students and self-concept, the unique predictor factor for withdrawal is gender, and the relationship between students and students, the unique predictor factor for somatic problems is gender and self-concept. Unique predictors of aggressive behavior are self-concept, gender, and teacher-student relationships. Lastly, unique predictors of rule-breaking behavior were self-concept and gender. In conclusion, a specific intervention program needs to be implemented involving intervention with parents or guardians, cooperation of the Parent and Teacher Association (PIBG), strengthening the character of students, types of punishment and methods of reprimands given to students. Finally, the researchers hope that this study can benefit schools, parents, and the Malaysian Ministry of Education to overcome social problem among teenagers.
PROBLEMS OF MIDDLE EASTERN LITERATURE TAUGHT IN THE PHILIPPINES: A CRITICAL REFLECTION BY THE LOCAL ACADEMIA
This paper accounts academic discourses in selected Middle Eastern Literature, both as a critical discourse and a means for cultural education, with reflections on the Philippine socio-political and cultural conditions. Issues such as stereotypes, racism, and the postcolonial remains were central to the discourse. Drawing from accounted responses of literature students, it is seen that their encounter with Middle Eastern Literature is deeply informed by their personal and socio-cultural phenomena. This qualitative study was conducted using Purposive Critical Case Sampling. Informants of the study are World Literature students from Far Eastern University, with different academic programs, age, gender, religious, and cultural background. Both the multicultural approach to literature and Said’s orientalism are vital in the shaping of the informants’ understanding and appreciation of Middle Eastern Literature, as revealed in the major themes elicited in the informants’ critical engagements. Overall, this paper shall contribute to the body of knowledge in three ways: as an existing study in literary theory and criticism, as a philosophical discourse on postcolonialism and its remains in developing countries like the Philippines, as well as in the growing study on literary education and cultural studies.
JOB INSECURITY AS A BARRIER TO WORK ENGAGEMENT DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19: WORK-FAMILY INTERFACE AS A MODERATOR
The upheaval induced by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in job insecurity, which may lead employees to have less engagement with their work. Drawing upon the role stress theory and role enhancement theory, we postulated that the detrimental impact of job security on employee engagement can be further attenuated or strengthened by the employee’s work-family interfaces. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between job insecurity and job engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study further aimed to examine the moderating role of the work-family interface in the relationship between job insecurity and job engagement. Data was obtained from 284 employees in Malaysia via a self-administered questionnaire. Out of the total, 43% were male, whereas 57% were female. The average age of the participants was 38 years old. Three instruments were used in this study, namely the job insecurity scale, job engagement scale, and work-family interface scale (WFIS). The empirical data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 software. Two main results were found. First, job insecurity negatively affected job engagement (B= -.735, SE= .189, t= -3.895, p<.001). Second, the negative impact of job insecurity on job engagement can be attenuated by the negative work-to-family interface (B= .131, SE= .064, t= 2.041, p=.042), positive work-to-family interface (B= .179, SE= .063, t= 2.829, p=.005), and the positive family-to-work interface ((B= .130, SE= .065, t= 2.003, p=.046). Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been moved to an endemic, employees' job insecurity remains high due to Malaysia's unstable economic and political conditions. Based on the study's findings, we found that effective work-family inferences can minimise the negative impact of job insecurity on job engagement. This paper will provide greater detail on how work-family inferences can attenuate the negative association between job security and employee engagement.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISPOSITIONAL MINDFULNESS AND LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: COGNITIVE REAPPRAISAL AS THE MEDIATOR
Undergraduate students are facing different challenges and stressors in their life, which may lower their life satisfaction. Dispositional mindfulness has been found to increase life satisfaction, and this relationship might include cognitive process namely cognitive reappraisal. Hence, grounded in Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory, this study examined cognitive reappraisal as the mediator in the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and life satisfaction among 147 undergraduate students (aged 18-25 years old) who were studying in Malaysia. A non-experimental correlational design was used, where the students were required to fill in three questionnaires through Google Form survey, the results were analysed through hierarchical multiple regression. The results supported all four hypotheses, with significant positive relationships found among dispositional mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal and life satisfaction. Cognitive reappraisal partially mediated the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and life satisfaction. The findings provide valuable information for the experts to devise mindfulness interventions by incorporating cognitive reappraisal strategies, allowing students to use cognitive reappraisal to cope with challenges, improving life satisfaction.
THE ROLE OF QUALITY OF WORK-LIFE AS MEDIATOR IN EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL ON WORK ENGAGEMENT AMONG EMPLOYEES IN COMPANY X IN BATAM, INDONESIA
Today workforces encounter challenging situations. Experts and leaders stated that we currently live in a volatile, unstructured, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. Moreover, external factors outside organizational circumstances including psychological and emotional state might influence work engagement. However, PsyCap was found to buffered and combat these negative reactions in the workplace. Quality of Work Life (QWL) was also found to be affecting work engagement. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of QWL among the effects between PsyCap and work engagement among employees in Company X in Batam, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study used a quantitative design and obtained the data using questionnaires. The data was analyzed using PROCESS Version 4.1. by Hayes (2020) in SPSS Version 25.0. The result shows PsyCap and QWL effects work engagement positively. Moreover, PsyCap was also found to positively effects QWL. Lastly, the result also shows that QWL partially mediated the effect between PsyCap and work engagement.
LONELINESS AND RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION AMONG MARRIED COUPLES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: RELATIONSHIP EFFICACY AS A MODERATOR
Background: The significant changes in daily routines of the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted relationship satisfaction among marital couples worldwide. Married couples who experienced loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to low relationship satisfaction. However, relationship efficacy could buffer the direct association of loneliness with relationship satisfaction. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between loneliness and relationship satisfaction among married couples during the COVID-19 pandemic by using relationship efficacy as a moderator. Methodology: 150 married couples participated in the cross-sectional quantitative online survey. The self-administered questionnaires consisted of UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale, Relationship Assessment Scale and Relationship Efficacy Measure. The present study employed Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software to analyse the data. Results: First, the findings revealed a negative association between loneliness and relationship satisfaction. Second, the moderation effect of relationship efficacy was significant in the association between loneliness andrelationship satisfaction. Conclusion: The results supported the crucial role of relationship efficacy in a marital relationship. Ultimately, relationship efficacy can minimise the negative impact of loneliness on relationship satisfaction. In short, couples believing they can resolve conflict with their partners will likely promote better relationship satisfaction. This study alsopresents several practical and theoretical implications.
SOPHOMORE CRISIS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN JAKARTA
The sophomore crisis is one of the five existential crises that can occur in adolescence to young adulthood. This crisis is related to identity issues about the future. This research aims to determine the description of the sophomore crisis among college students in Jakarta. This research is descriptive quantitative research. The sampling technique used is convenience sampling. In this study, there were 51 respondents consisting of 20 males and 31 females who were students with an age range between 18 years and 24 years. Data collection techniques were carried out using measuring instruments compiled by research based on three domains of the Sophomore crisis: commitment to sources of meaning in life, difficulty in choosing a career path, and fear of the need for a safe plan to reach the highest potential. Data analysis in this study used a descriptive statistical approach. The results of this study showed that 27 respondents experienced a sophomore crisis with a high category. Meanwhile, 24 respondents were classified as experiencing a crisis with a low category. This research also showed that male and female respondents have a second-year crisis stage in the same category, which is classified as high. The researcher suggests strengthening the academic guidance process with lecturers, and the department can carry out monitoring activities based on semesters.
TRANSLANGUAGING: CO-CONSTRUCTING MEANINGS IN A MULTILINGUAL SETTING
Being an expatriate teacher in Brunei made me consider different strategies and techniques in language teaching. This paper attempts to discuss my reflections on the use of translanguaging as a pedagogical tool in a student-centered learning environment with multilingual learners whose native languages are beyond my linguistic repertoire. Translanguaging has gained a lot of attention since its coinage in Southeast Asia, but there appears to be a paucity of this concept in language research specifically in Brunei context. In the same vein, Barr and Tagg’s learning paradigm was used to frame the discussion and expound on how translanguaging as a pedagogy could be a powerful tool in an environment where students are expected to co-construct knowledge with their teacher. In doing so, I posit that translanguaging empowers both teachers and students in constructing meanings however, if the teacher is not in any way familiar of their first language, students’ communicative competence might also be at risk.
SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND LONELINESS AMONG STUDENTS
Smartphones are becoming necessary in an individual’s daily life, especially when everything is within the palm. Smartphone becomes problematic when there is uncontrolled usage, which could harm various aspects. Loneliness can occur when an individual is alone and even surrounded by people. In order to further explore the correlation between smartphone addiction and loneliness, this study is conducted to identify the association between smartphone addiction and loneliness among undergraduate students in Malaysia. A total of 308 undergraduate students from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) were involved in this study. The instruments used were Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3). The results indicate that 60.7% of participants reported having a moderate smartphone addiction, and 42.24% had a moderately high level of loneliness. Pearson’s Correlation results show a significantly weak positive relationship between smartphone addiction and loneliness among undergraduate students. This finding can give insight into smartphone addiction and loneliness, contribute data to future studies, and recommend initiatives to improve undergraduate students’ well-being.
PEMBENTUKAN KONTINUM PEMIKIRAN VISUAL PELAJAR MENERUSI VISUALISASI HIBRID PEMBELAJARAN SERVIS (V-HIPS)
Pembelajaran Sains Komputer memerlukan pemikiran logik pelajar serta gambaran jelas implimentasinya dalam keadaan sebenar. Kekurangan aktiviti pembelajaran untuk mempraktiskan teori kepada praktikal sebenar menyebabkan pelajar kurang mampu untuk menggambarkan konsep yang dipelajari kepada situasi sebenar. Maka dalam pembelajaran Sains Komputer perlu memvisualkan konsep pembelajaran kepada keadaan realiti seperti perlaksanaan aktiviti Pembelajaran Servis (PS). Namun dalam situasi endemik pasca covid-19 kini, pelaksanaan aktiviti Pembelajaran Servis ini tidak dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya secara bersemuka. Justeru pengintegrasian PS menerusi medium teknologi secara bersama adalah diperlukan dan bersesuaian dengan pelajar merupakan digital natif masa kini. Oleh demikian, pembelajaran servis berbentuk hibrid yang menggunakan bersama medium teknologi merupakan rekabentuk instruksi memberi peluang kepada pelajar untuk mengaplikasi pengetahuan teoritikal kepada praktikal dalam keadaan sebenar. Justeru kajian ini telah mereka bentuk aktiviti pembelajaran Sains Komputer dengan bahan bervisual menerusi laman web hibrid pembelajaran servis dalam menyokong kontinum pemikiran visualisasi pelajar. Seterusnya kesan aktiviti pembelajaran Sains Komputer terhadap aras kontinum pemikiran visualisasi serta tahap kemahiran pelajar dikenalpasti bersama persepsi terhadap hibrid pembelajaran servis.
EXPLORING DETERMINANTS OF E-BUSINESS ADOPTION IN SMES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Adoption of e-business is extremely a dominant strategy to survive, stay competitive and grow for businesses. However, empirical studies on e-business adoption in recent years have been scarce. The purpose of this paper is to review the paper systematically to explore determinants of e-business adoption in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of developing countries. E-business has substantial potential for SMEs in developed and developing countries alike. Nevertheless, to accelerate the shift from traditional business to e-business in developing countries faced many challenges in practical use and the issues have not been adequately addressed (Mkansi.M, 2020). In the scarcity of the extant literature, the direction of future work outlined. Guided by PRISMA technique (Moher et al., 2009), three online databases, Scopus, Web of Science and Springer Link Journal were deployed, resulting in 27 articles were included in the literature review and have been identified and diversified into various factors which related to the frequency of occurrence in many researches which apply technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework (Tornatzky and Fleisher, 1990). Further analysis of the studies under TOE framework revealed four significant themes: (1) Technological Context, (2) Environmental Context, (3) Organizational Context, and (4) Individual Context. The themes are combined into a proposed e-business adoption framework and recommendations are reconciled according to the proposed framework. This paper incorporates the insights of the determinants of e-business adoption in SMEs, it suggested pertinent issues for future research endeavors and serve as a portrait for more SMEs entrepreneurs in developing countries to adopt e-business to sustain, remain competitive and bloom in current covid-19 pandemic and hereafter.
PEMERKASAAN DIRI MELALUI KEMAHIRAN KEUSAHAWANAN IBU TUNGGAL
Sebahagian besar ibu tunggal di Malaysia tidak mempunyai pekerjaan yang stabil. Kemahiran keusahawanan ibu tunggal di Malaysia didominasi oleh mereka yang bekerja dari rumah sama ada secara kecil-kecilan atau sepenuh masa. Maka kajian ini meneroka faktor kemahiran keusahawanan ibu tunggal yang bekerja dari rumah serta impaknya dalam meningkatkan pemerkasaan diri mereka. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang berfokus kepada kajian kes. Seramai 6 responden ibu tunggal yang terlibat dalam kajian ini yang berdaftar di Yayasan Pembangunan Keluarga Darul Ta’zim (YPKDT). Proses pengumpulan data diperolehi melalui temubual indepth, pemerhatian dan anallisis dokumen, Analisis kajian ini juga menggunakan perisian Nvivo 12 dan dilaksanakan menggunakan analisis tematik. Dapatan kajian mendapati, kemahiran keusahawanan seperi berniaga dan memasak merupakan kemahiran dominan yang diaplikasikan oleh ibu tunggal yang bekerja di rumah. Pemerkasaan diri ibu tunggal dapat dijana dengan melihat sejauhmana kemahiran keusahawanan ini mampu menjana pendapatan yang stabil bagi keluarga mereka. Hal ini berlaku disebabkan oleh kemahiran berniaga dan memasak ini adalah antara kemahiran yang mudah diakses dan dicapai oleh responden kajian. Secara kesimpulannya, kemahiran bekerja dalam kalangan ibu tunggal dapat dilihat sebagai salah satu bentuk adaptasi diri terhadap situasi dan sikap yang tidak berputus asa walaupun berdepan dengan pelbagai cabaran sebagai ibu tunggal. Implikasi kajian ini dapat dilihat dari aspek perlaksanaan program-program latihan dan bantuan dari agensi-agensi terlibat yang menjurus kepada minat dan peluang untuk menjana pendapatan dalam kalangan ibu tunggal.
EXIT SURVEY ASSESSMENT FOR CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF AN UNDERGRADUATE MARKETING PROGRAM
Exit survey plays an important role in keeping any programs in higher education institutions moving forward. The findings from the survey contain vital information to the school about what program learning outcomes or skills students think they have achieved after the program. This paper used an exit survey to assess the graduate students of Bachelor of Management (Marketing) in Azman Hashim International Business School (AHIBS), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Questions asked in the exit survey pertain to whether graduates feel they have gained skills such as application of disciplinary knowledge, integration and application of specific competencies, teamwork, problem solving and critical thinking, communication, ethics and integrity, life-long learning and information management, entrepreneurship and leadership. In addition, the survey includes student ratings of academic advisor contributions, teaching and learning, curriculum as well as academic resources and facilities in AHIBS UTM. The data was collected from 70 graduates who completed their study in second semester of the year 2019/2020 using Google form. According to the results, 90% of them felt they were competent in the skills needed for their future career. In addition, more than 90% of the students were satisfied with their academic advisor as well as teaching and learning activities in AHIBS UTM while 80% of the students found that the program curriculum was useful and adequate. However, lowest scores were found in the exit survey when asked about internet speed, classroom facilities and academic support staff in AHIBS UTM. Lastly, students provided suggestions to improve the quality of the program. Overall, the results have highlighted some essential areas of improvement for AHIBS UTM.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS AND SUICIDAL IDEATION AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF A MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY•
Suicide is the second leading cause of death for young people ranging from the age of 15 to 29 years old. To date, it has been little research that studied the psychological risk factors correlated with suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the level of suicidal ideation and psychological risk factors (depression, anxiety, stress, academic stress and hopelessness), to examine the relationship between suicidal ideation and psychological risk factors and to determine whether these psychological risk factors predict suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. This quantitative study was conducted through correlational research design which involves 375 undergraduate students from a Malaysian public university in Johor, Malaysia and respondents were selected via proportional stratified random sampling method. Online questionnaire was distributed in getting the information from the samples. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation and multiple regression) were applied to analyse the collected data using SPSS software. The findings showed that the level of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation is low while the level of stress, academic stress and hopelessness is moderate. Findings revealed that there was significant relationship between suicidal ideation and psychological risk factors. Results also found that depression, stress, and hopelessness were found to be the significant predictors of suicidal ideation while anxiety and academic stress did not predict suicidal ideation. This study provides an implication to various parties especially to university students, parents, lecturers.
KEPERCAYAAN, ADAT BUDAYA DAN AMALAN KEAGAMAAN ORANG ASLI KANAQ DI KOTA TINGGI, JOHOR
Orang asli Kanaq merupakan suku kaum yang mengamalkan animisme sejak dahulu yang akhirnya memeluk Islam. Pertukaran fahaman dan agama turut menyebabkan berlakunya perubahan dari sudut amalan keagamaan. Namun, praktis dalam amalan keagamaan ini memerlukan bimbingan agar amalan ini bukan sekadar ikut-ikutan tetapi berdasarkan kefahaman yang jelas tentang agama Islam. Justeru, artikel ini membincangkan kepercayaan, adat budaya dan amalan keagamaan dalam kalangan orang asli Kanaq di Kampung Sungai Selangi, Kota Tinggi, Johor. Kajian dilakukan secara kajian lapangan melalui temu bual dengan individu penting di penempatan tersebut dan juga berdasarkan analisis dokumen. Kajian mendapati agama Islam telah mempengaruhi cara hidup dalam kalangan masyarakat orang asli Kanaq di Kota Tinggi, Johor. Perkembangan agama Islam telah mengubah konsep ketuhanan dalam kalangan orang asli Kanaq dan menyebabkan perkara-perkara yang berkaitan dengan kelahiran, perkahwinan dan kematian berubah daripada kepercayaan asal kepada ritual berdasarkan Islam. Malah amalan ritual seperti sembahyang, berpuasa, zakat dan perayaan-perayaan agama turut dipraktikkan mengikut ajaran Islam secara meluas.
A STUDY ON DEPRESSION AND COGNITIVE DISTORTION AMONG OUT-OF-WEDLOCK PREGNANT YOUNG WOMEN IN MALAYSIA
The percentage of out-of-wedlock pregnancies increases dramatically every year. This matter needs to be taken into account as it results in negative effects, especially from a mental and emotional point of view which can ultimately affect the human capital of the country. This study aims to identify the level of depression and cognitive distortion among out-of-wedlock pregnant young women. This study used quantitative methods of collecting data in which the Beck Depression Inventory for Malays (BDI-Malay) and the Inventory of Cognitive Distortion (ICD) questionnaires were distributed to respondents. A total of 70 out-of-wedlock pregnant young women who were in nine shelters across the country had participated in this study. The results show that depression was at a mild level and cognitive distortion was at a moderate level. In addition, the levels for the dimensions of depression namely cognitive/affective and somatic/vegetative as well as the dimensions of cognitive distortion namely externalization of self-worth, fortune telling, selective abstraction, dichotomous thinking, magnification, minimization, perfectionism, comparison to others, emotional reasoning, arbitrary inference, and personalization were also obtained. The study also found a significant positive linear relationship between depression and cognitive distortion (r = 0.578, p <0.05). Appropriate intervention methods have also been suggested in the final section of this paper.
THE ROLE OF FELDMAN'S THEORY IN ART CRITICISM: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Art criticism is a process of reading, studying and analyzing the beauties inherent in works of art, to help specialists in a sound vision of the artistic, aesthetic and creative aspects of the artwork. Therefore, this study aims to identify the role of Feldman's theory in the process of art criticism. The importance of the study is manifested in revealing the role of the art criticism process in highlighting the objective, expressive and aesthetic values of the artistic work of Feldman's theory. This study is an artistic analysis that will reveal information about the role of Feldman’s theory in art critisicim. The study utilized the qualitative method of research. The researcher analysed the data collected for the study based on Feldman’s approach to evaluate artwork that involves the following four steps: descriptive, formal analysis, interpretation and Judgment. The discussion section focuses on the detailed analysis of the artistic criticism method by Feldman. The study concluded that the steps of artistic criticism, according to Edmund Feldman, are sequential, regular and integrated critical steps, because they enter the essence of the artwork and describe the external form, content and meaning within the work, and also describe the different and varied values of the artwork, whether (formal, expressive or functional). These artistic critical steps serve as a means for us to read the artwork correctly and properly in an integrated and systematic manner.
PERSPECTIVES OF APPLIED EMERGING MEDIA IN EDUCATORS TEACHING METHOD DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the largest disruption of education systems in history, affecting nearly 1.6 billion learners in more than 190 countries and all continents. Closures of schools and other learning institutions have impacted 94 per cent of the world’s student population, up to 99 per cent in low and lower-middle income countries. When the pandemic started both educators and students had to replace traditional teaching with online teaching. Educators had to adapt to new pedagogical concepts and modes of delivery of teaching. This research to determine the perspectives of educators in using online teaching approaches and identify emerging media applied on online teaching. Diversity in teaching approach for effective teaching as a good method must be adopted by an educator. Educators look for new approaches of attracting students to distance learning and integration of media is one of them to deliver the education. This research will be conducted using a qualitative method that is an interview with educators in Malaysia and the data will be analysed using thematic analysis. Two main findings have been obtained: i) Perspective of online teaching during Covid-19 Pandemic and ii) Applied of emerging digital media in online teaching. The study shows that the first main theme is the perspective of educators in using online teaching approaches to divide into three main themes are teaching technique, teaching tools and education management. The second theme is mixed digital media in online teaching like social media, video, audio visual, digital publishing, and digital information is used throughout online platforms. Online teaching more interactive learning has to be wide, open, easy access, and more sources to explore. The theory that is the strongest in supporting this study is The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) contains the key areas which are 1) performance expectancy, 2) effort expectancy, 3) social influence, and 4) facilitating conditions.
KAJIAN MENGENAI PERBEZAAN NIAT BERHENTI KERJA DALAM KALANGAN GURU SEKOLAH AGAMA SWASTA
Terdapat banyak kajian lepas yang mengkaji tentang guru-guru di sekolah kerajaan, namun tidak banyak kajian yang melihat kepada aspek niat berhenti kerja dalam kalangan guru-guru di sekolah swasta. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengkaji mengenai tahap niat berhenti kerja guru-guru dan perbezaan niat berhenti kerja berdasarkan faktor demografi. Pemilihan respoden dibuat menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak mudah dan soal selidik telah diedarkan secara elektronik ke semua lapan cawangan sekolah berkenaan iaitu Johor, Selangor, Perak, Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu dan Pahang. Perisian SPSS telah digunakan untuk menganalisis data secara deskriptif. Dapatan kajian mendapati responden kajian mempunyai niat untuk berhenti kerja yang sederhana. Selain itu, dapatan kajian turut menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbezaan tahap niat berhenti kerja di antara responden berlainan jantina, taraf perkahwinan, dan juga tahap pendidikan. Namun, terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dari segi umur. Didapati bahawa responden yang berumur melebihi 40 tahun mempunyai kecenderungan yang lebih tinggi untuk berhenti kerja berbanding responden yang lebih muda.
PENGALAMAN PEMBELAJARAN INFORMAL DALAM KALANGAN PEKERJA PEJABAT TANAH DI KELANTAN
Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan meneroka pengalaman pengalaman pembelajaran informal dalam kalangan pekerja di Pejabat Tanah dan Jajahan Kelantan. Pembelajaran informal antara kaedah penting peningkatan pengetahuan, kemahiran dan kompetesi di tempat kerja. Kajian dijalankan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif sepenuhnya. Teknik temu bual secara semi berstruktur digunakan melalui teknik persampelan bertujuan. Lima pekerja di organisasi berkaitan telah dipilih sebagai informan kajian. Terdapat tiga objektif kajian ini iaitu mengenalpasti faktor yang mendorong pekerja melaksanakan pembelajaran informal; mengenalpasti strategi yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran informal dan meneroka kesan pembelajaran informal terhadap pekerja. Data yang diperolehi daripada temubual ditranskrip verbatim dan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah tematik. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan, pekerja terdorong untuk belajar kerana faktor motivasi; tuntutan kawasan persekitaran dan keperluan kerja. Strategi pembelajaran pula pelbagai seperti menggunakan strategi bahan bacaan; media elektronik; kaedah pemerhatian dan berdialog dengan orang yang lebih pakar. Selain itu, kesan pembelajaran informal dalam kalangan pekerja adalah berlakunya peningkatan pengetahuan seperti ilmu undang-undang hartanah, kemahiran dalam menguruskan tugasan terutama di lapangan dan meningkatkan profesionalisme serta memperbaiki sikap mereka terhadap kerja.
ROAD USER AWARENESS AND ATTITUDE TO ROAD SAFETY IN INDONESIA 2000-2020
Global status report on road safety: The Southeast Asia Story records the very high number of deaths from traffic accidents globally. The data noted that, (1) every year there are 1.35 million deaths due to traffic accidents, (2) traffic accidents are among the leading causes of death for all age levels which are in the eighth position, and (3) Traffic accidents are also a major killer for children and young people, between 5-29 years old. One of the studies on traffic safety in developing countries states that the causes of accidents include the tendency of road users to disobey regulations and weak enforcement of traffic regulations by law enforcers. This paper aims to review the awareness and attitudes of road users towards traffic safety in Indonesia from 2000-2020. The literature review was carried out systematically sourced from Science Direct, Research Gate, Emerald Insight, Academia Edu and Google Scholar and related regulations. The systematic review procedure is carried out using the Kitchenham approach, which includes the scope of the study, research questions, the search process, inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction, and results analysis.